15mm yoRhwebo lweBamboo Hardwood Umgangatho

Inkcazelo emfutshane:

1) Izinto: 100% I-Bamboo ekrwada
2) Imibala: Strand Yalukwa
3) Ubungakanani: 1840*126*14mm/ 960*96*15mm
4) Umxholo wokufuma: 8%-12%
5) Ukukhutshwa kwe-formaldehyde: Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-E1 umgangatho waseYurophu
6) Ivanishi: Treffert


Iinkcukacha zeMveliso

Umboniso Wombala

Ukuhlohla

ICarbonized Bamboo Flooring

Iithegi zeMveliso

Umgangatho weBamboo oneCarbonized

Carbonized-Bamboo-Floor

Ungawukhetha njani umgangatho odadayo weBamboo?

Khetha owona Mgangatho weBamboo oFakayo kwikhaya lakho, kufuneka uyazi ukuba ukhethe njani.

Ngezantsi kukho iingcebiso zobuNgcali :

1.Qala jonga ubuso:
Akukho amaqamu kwipeyinti, nokuba itsha kwaye iqaqambile, ingaba i-bamboo joints imnyama kakhulu, kwaye ingaba kukho imigca yeglue phezu komhlaba (enye ngeyunifomu enye kunye nomgca ochanekileyo, inkqubo yokucoca ayilungile, ukushisa Uxinzelelo alubangelwa zezinye izizathu) kwaye emva koko ukhangele ukuba kukho iintanda ezijikelezileyo , Ingaba kukho nayiphi na impawu zothuthu.Nokuba icocekile kwaye icocekile, kwaye ujonge ukuba kukho nayiphi na i-bamboo eseleyo ngasemva, nokuba icocekile kwaye icocekile.Emva kokufunda yonke into, kufuneka sihlole iimpahla ukuze sibone ukuba kukho nawuphi na umahluko phakathi kwesampuli kunye nemveliso yangempela.Into yokugqibela kukuhlohla.Ukuba i-keel idinga ukubethelwa, i malunga ne-30 cm ngokuhambelana nomgangatho.Ipleyiti eqhelekileyo idinga ii-keels ezine.

2.Jonga iimpawu:
Umahluko wombala uncinci, kuba iradius yokukhula ye-bamboo incinci kakhulu kunemithi, kwaye ayichatshazelwa kakhulu kukukhanya kwelanga, kwaye akukho mahluko ucacileyo phakathi kwe-yin kunye ne-yang.Ngoko ke, umgangatho we-bamboo uneepateni ezicebileyo ze-bamboo, kwaye umbala ufana;ukuqina komphezulu ikwayenye yemigangatho yoqalo.inzuzo.Ngenxa yokuba umgangatho we-bamboo sisakhiwo se-fiber ekrwada yesityalo, ukuqina kwayo kwendalo kuphindwe kabini kunomthi, kwaye akukho lula ukukhubaza.Ubomi benkonzo yethiyori bufikelela kwiminyaka engama-20.Ngokozinzo, i-bamboo flooring iyacutheka kwaye yande ngaphantsi komgangatho oqinileyo womthi.Kodwa ngokokuqina kokwenyani, i-bamboo flooring nayo inentsilelo: i-delamination iya kwenzeka phantsi kwefuthe lokukhanya kwelanga kunye nokufuma.Ngenxa yobushushu obuthile obuphezulu kunye nokuxinana okuphezulu, ubushushu bayo abuyi kulahleka ebusika.Ke ngoko, i-bamboo flooring inomsebenzi wokugcina ubushushu.

3.Jonga ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo:
Ngomgangatho we-laminate flooring, eyona milinganiselo ibalulekileyo yokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo ngumlinganiselo we-formaldehyde ekhutshiweyo.Ngokubhekiselele ekuthintelweni kwemigangatho yokukhutshwa kwe-formaldehyde, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kushishino olusemgangathweni lufumene utshintsho oluthathu lwetekhnoloji ye-E1, E0, kunye ne-FCF.Kwinqanaba lokuqala, umgangatho wokukhutshwa kwe-formaldehyde yeepaneli ezisekelwe kwimithi yi-E2 (i-formaldehyde emission ≤30mg/100g), kwaye umda wayo wokukhutshwa kwe-formaldehyde ukhululekile kakhulu.Nangona imveliso ehlangabezana nalo mgangatho, umxholo wayo we-formaldehyde unokudlula i-E1 eyenziweyo Ngaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu ubukhulu bebhodi, ibeka ingozi enkulu kwimpilo yabantu, ngoko ke kufuneka ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlobisa ikhaya.Ngoko ke, kwabakho uguqulo lokuqala lokukhuselwa kwendalo.Kule revolution yokhuselo lokusingqongileyo, ishishini lomgangatho liphumeze umgangatho we-E1 wokukhuselwa kwendalo, oko kukuthi, ukukhutshwa kwe-formaldehyde ngu ≤1.5㎎/L.Nangona ngokusisiseko ingeyongozi kumzimba womntu, kusekho iintsalela emgangathweni.Uninzi lwasimahla lwe-formaldehyde.Ishishini le-flooring liqalise inguqu yesibini yokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, kwaye yazisa umgangatho we-E0 wokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, owanciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-formaldehyde kwi-0.5㎎/L.

4.Jonga umgangatho
Umgangatho olungileyo kufuneka ukhethe izinto ezilungileyo, izinto ezilungileyo kufuneka zibe zendalo, ubuninzi obuphezulu kunye nobuphakathi.Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba ubuninzi bobuninzi beepaneli ezenziwe ngamaplanga, kungcono.Enyanisweni, akunjalo.Uxinaniso oluphezulu kakhulu lunezinga eliphezulu lokudumba kwamanzi, elinokuthi libangele ngokulula utshintsho lwe-dimensional kwaye likhokelele kuguquko lomgangatho.Okwesibini, kuyimfuneko ukuxhomekeka kwimigca yemveliso yomgangatho ophezulu kunye nezixhobo kunye neteknoloji engqongqo ukuvelisa umgangatho wokuqala womgangatho.

Ulwakhiwo

bamboo-flooring-contructure
bamboo-types

Umgangatho weBamboo wendalo

natural-bamboo-flooring

ICarbonized Bamboo Flooring

Carbonized-Bamboo-Flooring

Umgangatho weBamboo wendalo weCarbonized

natural-Carbonized-Bamboo-Floor

I-Bamboo Flooring Advantage

BAMBOO-FLOORING-ADVANTAGE

Iinkcukacha Imifanekiso

18mm-Bamboo-Flooring
20mm-Bamboo-Flooring
15mm-Bamboo-Floor-Natural
Bamboo-Floor-Natural

IDatha yobuGcisa yoMgangatho weBamboo

1) Izinto: 100% I-Bamboo ekrwada
2) Imibala: Strand Yalukwa
3) Ubungakanani: 1840*126*14mm/ 960*96*15mm
4) Umxholo wokufuma: 8%-12%
5) Ukukhutshwa kwe-formaldehyde: Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-E1 umgangatho waseYurophu
6) Ivanishi: Treffert
7) Iglu: Dynea
8) Ukubengezela: UMat, iglosi emhlophe
9) Idibeneyo: Ulwimi kunye neGroove (T&G) cofa;Unilin+Lahla cofa
10) Ubunakho bokubonelela: 110,000m2 / ngenyanga
11) Isatifikethi: Isiqinisekiso seCE , ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004
12) Ukupakisha: Iifilimu zeplastiki ezinebhokisi yebhokisi
13) Ixesha lokuhanjiswa: Kwiintsuku ezingama-25 emva kokufumana intlawulo kwangaphambili

Cofa Inkqubo ekhoyo

A: T&G Cofa

1

T&G TSHIXA I-BAMBOO-Bamboo Florinig

2

Bamboo T&G -Bamboo Florinig

B: Lahla (icala elifutshane)+ Unilin cofa (icala lobude)

drop-Bamboo-Florinig

yehla i-Bamboo Florinig

unilin-Bamboo-Florinig

unilin Bamboo Florinig

Uluhlu lwephakheji yomgangatho we-Bamboo

Uhlobo Ubungakanani Iphakheji HAYI Pallet / 20FCL Iphalethi/20FCL Ubungakanani beBhokisi GW NW
I-Bamboo eyenziwe ngeCarbonized 1020*130*15mm 20pcs/ctn 660 ctns/1750.32 sqm 10 plt, 52ctns/plt,520ctns/1379.04 sqms 1040*280*165 28kgs 27kgs
1020*130*17mm 18pcs/ctn 640 ctns/1575.29 sqm 10 plt, 52ctns/plt,520ctns/1241.14 sqms 1040*280*165 28kgs 27kgs
960*96*15mm 27pcs/ctn 710 ctns/ 1766.71 sqm 9 plt, 56ctns/plt,504ctns/1254.10 sqms 980*305*145 26kgs 25kgs
960*96*10mm 39pcs/ctn 710 ctns/ 2551.91 sqm 9 plt, 56ctns/plt,504ctns/1810.57 sqms 980*305*145 25kgs 24kgs
I-Strand ephothiweyo ngeBamboo 1850*125*14mm 8pcs/ctn 672 ctn, 1243.2sqm 970*285*175 29kg 28kg
960*96*15mm 24pcs/ctn 560 ctn, 1238.63sqm 980*305*145 26kg 25kg
950*136*17mm 18pcs/ctn 672ctn, 1562.80sqm 970*285*175 29kg 28kg

Ukupakishwa

I-Dege Brand Packaging

DEGE-BAMBOO-FLOOR
DEGE-Horizontal-Bamboo-Floor
DEGE-BAMBOO-FLOORING
DEGE-Carbonized-Bamboo-Floor
bamboo-flooring-WAREHOUSE

Ukupakishwa ngokubanzi

Strand-Woven-Bamboo-Flooring-package
carton-bamboo-flooring
bamboo-flooring-package
bamboo-flooring-cartons

Ezothutho

bamboo-flooring-load
bamboo-flooring-WAREHOUSE

Inkqubo yeMveliso

bamboo-flooring-produce-process

Usetyenziso

strand-woven-bamboo-flooring
brown-Strand-Woven-Bamboo-Flooring
natural-Strand-Woven-Bamboo-Flooring
bamboo-flooring-for-indoor
dark-Strand-Woven-Bamboo-Flooring
15mm-Strand-Woven-Bamboo-Flooring
home-Strand-Woven-Bamboo
office-Strand-Bamboo-Flooring

  • Ngaphambili:
  • Okulandelayo:

  • about17Ufakwa njani umgangatho we-bamboo (uguqulelo oluneenkcukacha)

      Ufakelo lomgangatho we-bambooayahlukanga kakhulu kufakelo lomgangatho womthi oqinileyo.Kubanini bezindlu, eyona njongo iphambili yokwenza ufakelo lomthi we-bamboo kukugcina imali.Inokufakwa kwisiqingatha seendleko ngokwenza ngokwakho.Ukufakela umgangatho we-bamboo kunokuba yiprojekthi yempelaveki elula.
    Imiyalelo esisiseko:Ngaphambi kokufaka nayiphi na i-flooring, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba indawo yomsebenzi kunye ne-subfloor ihlangabezana neemfuno eziyimfuneko.Amanyathelo abalulekileyo kufakelo lwenzeka phambi kokubeka i-bamboo floor. Nazi izikhokelo ezimbalwa:
    Inyathelo lokuqala lofakelo lomgangatho womthi we-bamboo kukuqinisekisa ukuba i-subfloor yile:
    √ Isandi sokwakheka
    √ Coca: Tshayela kwaye ayinankunkuma, iwax, igrisi, ipeyinti, izitywini, izinto zokuncamathelisa ezindala njl.
    √ Yomile: Umgangatho ongaphantsi kufuneka uhlale womile unyaka wonke, kwaye
    √ Izincamathelisi zeNqanaba azidibanisi kakuhle kunye nemigangatho ephantsi emdaka kwaye ekugqibeleni ziya kubangela ukubola, ukuba zifumile.Ukuba akukho nqanaba, i-bamboo flooring iya kuncwina xa ihamba.
    √ Susa naziphi na izikhonkwane ezindala okanye iistaples kwizinto zangaphambili zomgangatho.
    √ Jonga iplanga yomgangatho ngamnye ngebakala, umbala, ukugqiba, umgangatho kunye neziphene.
    √ Ukulinganisa umgangatho kwaye wahlule ngenani leebhodi.
    √ Yandlala umgangatho ukuze ukhethe okubonwayo.
    Ukubekwa ngokucophelela kombala kunye nengqolowa kuya kwandisa ubuhle bomgangatho ogqityiweyo.
    √ Izinto zomgangatho kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo yofakelo ubuncinane kwiiyure ezingama-24-72 ngaphambili.Oku kuvumela umgangatho ukuba ulungelelanise ubushushu begumbi kunye nokufuma.
    √ Musa ukugcina ngokuthe ngqo kwikhonkrithi okanye kufuphi neendonga zangaphandle.
    √ Xa uthenga umgangatho, yongeza i-5% kumfanekiso osisikwere ofunekayo kwisibonelelo sokusika.
    √ Ukuba uhlohla i-bamboo floor kwibali lesibini, ngoko phambi kokuba usebenzise isikhonkwane/istapler, qala ngokususa izibane zokukhanya kwiisilingi ezingezantsi.I-stapler ibeka uxinzelelo kwi-joists kwaye inokukhulula izinto ezifakwe kwisilingi engezantsi.
    √ Nawuphi na umsebenzi obandakanya amanzi okanye ukufuma kufuneka wenziwe phambi kofakelo lomgangatho womthi we-bamboo.Ukushisa kwegumbi kwe-60-70 ° F kunye nezinga lokufuma kwe-40-60% kunconywa.
    Inqaku elibalulekileyo:Umgangatho womthi we-bamboo kufuneka ube yinto yokugqibela efakwe kuyo nayiphi na iprojekthi entsha yokwakha okanye ukulungiswa kwakhona.Kwakhona, fakela umgangatho ngokwezikhokelo zomenzi ukukhusela iwaranti yakho.
    Izixhobo zokuhlohla:
    √ Iteyiphu yokulinganisa
    √ Isarha yesandla (isarha yamandla ikwaluncedo)
    √ Ibhloko yokucofa (iqhekeza elisikiweyo lomgangatho)
    √ Iiplanga okanye izikhewu zeplastiki (1/4″)
    √ Ibar yokutsala okanye itsala
    √ Ihamile
    √ Umgca wetshokhwe
    √ Ipensile
    Ukufakela isikhonkwane phantsi, uya kufuna kwakhona:
    √ Isikhonkwane esifanelekileyo somthi
    √ Itshathi yesicelo sesikhonkwane Ukufakela iglue-down, uya kufuna kwakhona:
    √ Isincamathelisi somgangatho esivunyiweyo
    √ I-adhesive trowel
    Ufakelo oludadayo, uya kufuna kwakhona:
    √ 6-mil ifilimu poly ifilimu efakwa ugwebu underlayment
    √ iglu yePVAC
    √ Iteyiphu yePoly okanye iteyiphu yeteyiphu
    Imiyalelo yokuFakela kwangaphambili:
    √ Ukwenza umgangatho ulingane ngaphantsi, iingcingo zocango kufuneka zisikwe ngaphantsi okanye zikhutshelwe ngaphandle.
    √ Njengoko iinkuni zisanda ngokwanda komgangatho wokufuma, i-1/4″ indawo yokwandisa kufuneka ishiywe phakathi komgangatho kunye nazo zonke iindonga kunye nezinto ezithe nkqo (ezifana nemibhobho kunye neekhabhathi).Oku kuya kugutyungelwa ngexesha lokuphinda kusetyenziswe ukubumba kwesiseko kwigumbi.Sebenzisa izikhewu zomthi okanye zeplastiki ngexesha lofakelo ukuze ugcine le ndawo yokwandiswa.
    √ Soloko usebenzisa ibhloko yokucofa nehamile ukutsala amaplanga kunye.Ibhloko yokucofa kufuneka isetyenziswe ngokuchasene nolwimi kuphela, ingaze isetyenziswe kumqolo weplanga.
    √ Soloko uqala umqolo ngamnye kwicala elinye legumbi.
    √ Unomyayi okanye isivalo sokutsala singasetyenziselwa ukuvala amalungu akufuphi nodonga.
    √ Lumkela ungonakalisi isiphelo somgangatho.
    Ndiyaqalisa:Ukubonakala kakuhle, umgangatho wokhuni we-bamboo uhlala ubekwe ngokuhambelana nodonga olude kakhulu okanye udonga lwangaphandle, oluqhelekileyo oluchanekileyo kwaye lufanelekile ukubeka umgca wokusebenza ngokuthe tye.Ulwalathiso lweeplanga kufuneka lusekelwe kwisakhiwo segumbi kunye neendawo zokungena kunye neefestile.Imiqolo embalwa (akukho glu okanye izikhonkwane) inokomiswa ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ukufakela ukuqinisekisa isigqibo sakho soyilo kunye nomgca wokusebenza.Ukuba igumbi lilungele ukufakwa, kwaye zonke izixhobo kunye nezixhobo zikhona, i-DIYer enamava athile omgangatho inokulindela ukufaka malunga neenyawo ze-square ze-200 ngosuku.Inkqubo yokuFakela: Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziqhelekileyo zokufakela umgangatho womthi we-bamboo: i-Naildown, i-gluedown kunye ne-floating.
    1. ISIPHOSTOLI okanye UKUBETHELELWA KWAMFIHLO:Ngale ndlela, umgangatho we-bamboo 'ubethelelwa ngasese' phantsi kwi-subfloor yomthi.Yindlela yendabuko yokufakela umgangatho womthi we-bamboo usebenzisa izikhonkwane okanye i-staples.Yonke imigangatho eyomeleleyo kunye nemigangatho emininzi yobunjineli inokufakwa ngale ndlela.Iijoists zomgangatho (iintsimbi zokuxhasa umgangatho) maziphawulwe ukukhokela inkqubo yofakelo.Kwakhona, indawo yokudibanisa umgangatho kufuneka imakishwe kwiphepha elivakalayo kunye nemigca yetshokhwe.Olu phawu luya kuchonga apho izikhonkwane kunye ne-staples kufuneka ziqhutywe khona ukwenza uxhulumaniso oluqinileyo kunye ne-subfloor.Izikhonkwane okanye i-staples i-rammed nge-angle ngolwimi kwaye ifihliwe ngeqhekeza elilandelayo lomgangatho.Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba 'yimfama okanye ukubethelwa ngokufihlakeleyo.'Yibethelele ibhodi nganye ngo-8″ nangaphakathi kwe-2″ kwisiphelo ngasinye.Emva kokuba imiqolo yokuqalisa ibekwe, iiplanga ezilandelayo kufuneka zibethelelwe ngokuthe ngqo ngaphezu kolwimi kwi-angle ye-45o.Isikhonkwane sobuso sinokufuneka kwiminyango okanye kwiindawo ezixineneyo apho isikhonkwane singenako ukungena.Imiqolo emibini yokugqibela kuya kufuneka ukuba ibethelelwe ngobuso ngendlela efanayo.Iliso elilungileyo kufuneka ligcinwe kwizikhonkwane / ekungeneni okusisiseko.
    2. UKUTHOLA PHANTSI:Le ndlela ibandakanya ukuncamatheliswa komgangatho we-bamboo kumgangatho ongaphantsi.Umgangatho weglue-down floor ufakwe ngendlela efana neyomgangatho we-tile.Ingasetyenziselwa ukufakela kwi-concrete subfloors nakwi-plywood.Umgangatho owenziwe ngobunjineli unokufakwa usebenzisa iindlela ezifanayo zokuncamathelisa.Umgangatho we-bamboo unokuncamathelwa phantsi kusetyenziswa intonga yokuncamathelisa emgangathweni enganyangekiyo (ingakumbi uhlobo lwe-urethane).Funda imiyalelo yokuncamathelisa ngononophelo ubungakanani obufanelekileyo betrowel kunye nexesha lokubeka incamathelisa.Izincamathelisi ezisekelwe emanzini akufanele zisetyenziswe kule njongo.Kwakhona, ungaze usebenzise indlela "ye-wet lay" okanye "i-loose lay" yokufakela.Qala ngodonga lwangaphandle kwaye usasaze i-adhesive eninzi njengoko inokugqunywa ngumgangatho kwiyure eli-1.Emva kokusebenzisa i-adhesive kwi-subfloor nge-trowel, iiplanga ze-bamboo ze-flooring kufuneka zifakwe ngokukhawuleza kunye ne-groove ejongene nodonga.Vumela ukungena komoya okwaneleyo ngexesha lenkqubo.Qinisekisa ukuba umgangatho usalungelelaniswa kwaye uqaphele ukuba ungavumeli umgangatho ofakiweyo uhambe kwi-adhesive emanzi.Sebenzisa ilaphu elimanzi ukususa ngoko nangoko nayiphi na into encamathelayo efika kumphezulu womgangatho.Hamba kwi-flooring foot-by-foot ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 yokubeka umgangatho ukuze uqinisekise ibhondi eqinile kunye ne-adhesive.Iiplanga zomgangatho kumgca womda wegumbi unokufuna ubunzima bolu bhondi.
    3. UMGANGATHO OZINDAYO:Umgangatho odadayo uncanyathiselwe kuwo ngokwawo hayi kumgangatho ongaphantsi.Ifakwe phezu kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubeka umqamelo wangaphantsi.Le ndlela ifanelekile kunye nayo nayiphi na i-subfloor kwaye iyacetyiswa ngokukodwa ukufudumala okukhazimulayo okanye ukufakwa kwebakala elingaphantsi.Kuphela ziimveliso zobunjineli ezibanzi okanye ezinqamlezileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukudada.Le ndlela ibandakanya ukuncamathelisa ulwimi kunye namalungu egroove omgangatho wokhuni we-bamboo kunye phezu kwendawo engaphantsi.Qala umqolo wokuqala ngegroove ukuya eludongeni.Glue ekupheleni-amajoyinti omqolo wokuqala ngokufaka i-adhesive ukuya ezantsi kwe-groove.Beka imiqolo elandelayo yomgangatho ngokufaka iglu emacaleni nasekupheleni kwamalungu kunye nokufaka iiplanga kunye nebhloko yokucofa.
    Ukhathalelo lwasemva koFakelo:
    √ Susa izikhewu zokwandisa kwaye ubuyisele isiseko kunye/okanye ikota yokubumba imijikelo ukugquma indawo yokwandiswa.
    √ Musa ukuvumela ukuhamba kweenyawo okanye ifenitshala enzima emgangathweni iiyure ezingama-24 (ukuba iglu-phantsi okanye iyadada).
    √ Thulula uthuli okanye utshayela umgangatho wakho ukuze ususe nabuphi na ubumdaka okanye inkunkuma.

    spec

     

    about17Isitephusi esisezantsi

    20140903092458_9512 20140903092459_4044-(1) 20140903092459_4044 20140903092459_6232

    20140903092500_0607

    20140903092500_3732

    20140903092500_6701

    about17Izincedisi zomgangatho we-bamboo eziqhelekileyo

    4 7 jian yin

    20140904084752_2560

    20140904085502_9188

    20140904085513_8554

    20140904085527_4167

    about17Izixhobo zomgangatho we-bamboo ezinzima

    4 7 jian T ti

    20140904085539_4470

    20140904085550_6181

    Uphawu Ixabiso Uvavanyo
    Ubuninzi: +/- 1030 kg/m3 EN 14342:2005 + A1:2008
    Ukuqina kweBrinell: 9.5kg/mm² EN-1534:2010
    Umxholo wokufuma: I-8.3 % kwi-23°C kunye ne-50% yokufuma okuhambelanayo EN-1534:2010
    Iklasi yokukhupha: Udidi lwe-E1 (LT 0,124 mg/m3, EN 717-1) EN 717-1
    Ukudumba okwahlukileyo: 0.17% pro 1% utshintsho kwisiqulatho sokufuma EN 14341:2005
    Ukuxhathisa i-abrasion: 16.000 ukujika EN-14354 (12/16)
    Ukucinezeleka: 2930 kN/cm2 EN-ISO 2409
    Ukuchasa impembelelo: 6 mm EN-14354
    Iimpawu zomlilo: Udidi Cfl-s1 (EN 13501-1) EN 13501-1
    Bhala umyalezo wakho apha kwaye uwuthumele kuthi

    IIMVELISO EZINXULUMENEYO