Umwijima Utukura Wiboheye Igorofa

A.Gutangiza muri make uburyo bwo gukora imigano hasi:
Moso imigano → guca → koroshya ingingo zo hanze → fungura imirongo → gukuramo ingingo zimbere → guteganya impande zombi zimigano (gukuramo imigano icyatsi kibisi n'umuhondo) → guhumeka (kurwanya udukoko no kuvura indwara) kuvura amabara ya karuboni → gukama → imigano myiza → Gutondekanya imigano → Gufatanya → Guteranya imyenda → Guhuza imashini ishyushye → Umusenyi → Gukata uburebure buringaniye plan Gutegura impande enye (ubugari butajegajega, gutondeka inyuma) . gushushanya birwanya Kurangiza irangi → UV gukiza → kugenzura → gupakira

B. Ibisobanuro birambuye byuburyo bwo gukora imigano:
1.Kugenzura imigano
Muri rusange imigano ikoresha imigano ya moso nkibikoresho fatizo, ariko imiterere yubukorikori bwa moso imigano ifitanye isano rya bugufi nigihe cyimigano hamwe nibikoresho.Imyaka yimigano iri munsi yimyaka 4, urwego rwo guhuza ibice byimbere byimigano ntabwo bihagije, imbaraga ntizihinduka, kandi kugabanuka kwumye no kubyimba ni binini.Imigano irengeje imyaka 5 igomba gukoreshwa.Ubusanzwe imigano ifite imizi yimbitse ninama zoroshye.Kubwibyo, imigano moso ya moso ifite inkoni igororotse hamwe na diametre ku burebure bwamabere arenze 10cm naho uburebure bwurukuta burenze 7mm bukoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo.
2.Kuruhuka ibikoresho
Imigano ya Moso ifite imizi yuzuye kandi hejuru.Imigano itandukanijwe ukurikije urugero rwuburebure bwurukuta kandi igabanywa muburebure bwihariye.
3. Gukubita
Koza imigano mbisi mumigano isanzwe
4 gahunda yambere
Nyuma yo gukama, imirongo yimigano igomba gutegurwa kumpande zose kugirango itegure neza kumpande zose kugirango ikureho imigano isigaye icyatsi kibisi, imigano yumuhondo nicyuma gisigara giteganijwe neza.Nyuma yubu buvuzi, imigano n'imigano irashobora gufatanwa neza nta gucamo., Nta guturika, nta gutandukanya.Imigano igomba gutondekwa nyuma yo gutegura neza, kandi imigano itujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango itunganyirizwe kandi ifite amabara manini ikurwa kumurongo.
Ubuvuzi bwambere bwubuso bwimigano.Ubuso bogosha kandi buhinduka umuhondo, ni ukuvuga uruhu rw imigano ninyama bivanwaho, kandi hasigara gusa fibre yo hagati.Ibicuruzwa gakondo byimigano bitunganywa muguhindura ibikoresho byose bya silindrike muburyo bwateganijwe.Ntabwo byateganijwe gukuraho umuhondo.Icyatsi kibisi hejuru, ni ukuvuga ubwinshi bwigice cyuruhu rwimigano kiratandukanye na fibre itavanze, kandi igipimo cyo kugabanuka kugabanuka muburyo bumwe bwumutse butandukanye, kuburyo byoroshye gutera gucika.Umuhondo wumugano nigice cyinyama zumugano kurukuta rwimbere rwigituba.Harimo isukari nyinshi nintungamubiri, kandi biroroshye guhinga udukoko niba bidakuweho.
Kubijyanye n'ubugari, imbaraga zihindagurika z'imigano ubwazo zirenze iz'ibiti, naho hasi ya 15mm z'imigano hasi zifite imbaraga zihagije, zikomeretsa kandi zikagira ingaruka, kandi zikagira ibirenge byiza.Bamwe mubakora, kugirango bahuze imitekerereze yabaguzi ko uko ari byiza, ntibakuraho icyatsi cyangwa umuhondo.Amabati amaze gufatanwa, nubwo ubugari bwubutaka bwimigano bushobora kugera kuri 17mm cyangwa 18mm, imbaraga zo guhuza ntabwo ari nziza kandi biroroshye kumeneka.Kubigano byujuje ubuziranenge, imigano icyatsi kibisi n'umuhondo kumpande zombi ziteganijwe neza.Kugirango ukore imigano ifatanye neza, igomba gutegurwa neza.Ubunini n'ubugari bwihanganirwa bigomba kugenzurwa muri 0.1mm., Ifatizo ikoreshwa muguhuza imigano nayo izahita ikomera munsi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kandi gukomera birakomeye cyane.5. Guteka guhumeka cyangwa karubone
Ibigize imiti yimigano ahanini ni nkibiti, cyane cyane selile, hemicellulose, lignine nibintu bikuramo.Nyamara, imigano irimo proteyine nyinshi, isukari, ibinyamisogwe, ibinure, n'ibishashara kuruta ibiti.Irandurwa byoroshye nudukoko hamwe nibihumyo mugihe ubushyuhe nubushuhe bikwiye.Kubwibyo, imigano yimigano igomba gutekwa nyuma yo gutegura neza (ibara risanzwe).) Cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nubushuhe bwinshi bwo kuvura karubone (ibara ryijimye) kugirango ukureho bimwe mubisukari nka sukari na krahisi, ongeramo imiti yica udukoko, imiti igabanya ubukana, nibindi kugirango wirinde korora udukoko nibihumyo.
Ibara risanzwe risukurwa na hydrogen peroxide ku bushyuhe bwa 90 and, kandi igihe cyo guhumeka kiratandukanye kumizi itandukanye hamwe nubunini bwurukuta rutandukanye.Amasaha 3,5 kuri 4 ~ 5mm, amasaha 4 kuri 6 ~ 8mm.
Igorofa y'amabara ya karubone itunganywa binyuze murwego rwa kabiri rwa karubone munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
Ikoreshwa rya kabiri rya karubone ya karubone ikungahaye ku ntungamubiri zose nk'amagi, ibinure, isukari, na poroteyine mu migano, bigatuma urumuri ruba, kandi imigano itunganijwe mu buryo bwa "amatafari atoboye", ibyo bikaba biteza imbere cyane imbaraga, imbaraga zo kwikanyiza no kwirinda amazi. imikorere.
5. Kuma
Ubushuhe bwibishishwa byimigano nyuma yo kuvura birenze 80%, bigera kumurongo wuzuye.Ubushuhe bwuzuye bwimigano bugira ingaruka itaziguye kubunini bwibicuruzwa byarangiye no kumera nyuma yo gutunganya imigano.Kugirango hamenyekane ubwiza bwibicuruzwa bikorwamo imigano, ibikoresho by'imigano bikoreshwa mugutunganya bigomba gukama neza mbere yo gufunga.Kuma imigano bikorwa no kumisha itanura cyangwa gukanika itanura.
Ubushuhe bwibikoresho byimigano bigomba kugenzurwa ukurikije ikirere cyaho no gukoresha ibidukikije.Kurugero, ibivumbikisho bigenzurwa mumajyaruguru no mumajyepfo yUbushinwa biratandukanye.Ubushuhe bwibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mumajyaruguru ni bike cyane, kandi bigomba kugenzurwa kuri 5-9% mubihe bisanzwe.
Ubushuhe bwa buri gice kigize hasi yimigano, ni ukuvuga imigano, birasabwa kuba kimwe.Kurugero, imigozi yimigano (isahani iringaniye) isaba ubushuhe bumwe bwimigozi yimigano hejuru, hagati no hepfo, kuburyo bitoroshye guhinduka no kunama nyuma yimigano.
Iyi nayo ni ihuriro ryingenzi kugirango wirinde hasi guturika.Ubushuhe butaringaniye cyangwa ubuhehere bukabije burashobora gutuma hasi ihinduka cyangwa igacika bitewe nimpinduka ziterwa nibidukikije nkubushyuhe nubushuhe bwumye.Ibirungo birashobora gushirwaho ukurikije ubuhehere bwikirere ahantu hatandukanye.Amagambo yakozwe muri ubu buryo arashobora kwemeza guhuza n’ibihe bijyanye n’ikirere.
Igorofa yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ikorerwa ibizamini bitandatu mu bice byinshi mugihe cyo kumisha kugirango buri gice cyimigano yimigano, hamwe nubushuhe bwamazi yimigano yimigano, hejuru ndetse imbere, biringaniye, kugirango barebe ko hasi hasi harahinduka bitewe nubushuhe butandukanye.Biragoye kubakoresha gupima gusa ibirimo ubuhehere.Inzira yizewe yo gukemura iki kibazo ni uguhitamo icyamamare kandi gisanzwe gikora imigano gishobora gukora ibisate.
6.gutegura neza
Imigano yimigano irateguwe neza kubisabwa bikenewe.
7.Guhitamo ibicuruzwa
Gutondekanya imigano mu nzego zitandukanye.
8.Gufata no gukandamiza
Inteko ya kole hamwe nubusa: Hitamo ibikoresho byiza byangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije, shyira kole ukurikije ingano yabigenewe hanyuma ukwirakwize neza, hanyuma ukusanyirize hamwe imigano ukurikije ibisobanuro bisabwa.
Gushyushya-gukanda no gufunga: Gushyushya-gukanda ni inzira y'ingenzi.Munsi yumuvuduko wagenwe, ubushyuhe nigihe, icyapa gifatanye mubusa.Kurangiza hejuru yimigano yimigano, ibifatika hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gushyuha bigira uruhare runini mububasha bwo guhuza imigano.
Imbaraga zo guhuza imigano ziratandukanye niz'ibiti hasi.Ikozwe no gufunga no gukanda ibice byinshi by'imigano.Ubwiza bwa kole, ubushyuhe nigitutu cya kole hamwe nigihe cyo kubika ubushyuhe nigitutu byose bigira ingaruka kumiterere ya kole.Imbaraga zidahuza zihagije zirashobora guhinduka no gucika.Inzira yoroshye yo kugerageza imbaraga zihuza nukunyunyuza cyangwa guteka igice mumazi.Gereranya urwego rwo kwaguka, guhindura no gufungura nigihe gikenewe.Niba hasi yimigano izahindurwa cyangwa isuzuguritse ifite isano ikomeye nimbaraga zo guhuza.
9.Gukata umutwe
10.Kugenzura ibara ritandukanya ibara
11.Gutema
12.Gukata ni tenon yumugore
13.Mugihe utanga anti-tenon, umutwe mugufi ugomba guhindukira
14.Umusenyi
Koresha ubuso bwibisate kugirango uburinganire bworoshe, kandi ukosore ubunini bwikibaho
15.Tenoning
Moulders
Hasi no kumpande zimbaho ​​zometseho.
Kurangiza kabiri
Igiti cy'imigano kigizwe neza kandi gitambitse.
Tenoning nayo izwi cyane nko guswera, aribwo buryo bwa convex-convex iyo hasi ikubiswe, urufunguzo rwo kwemeza neza hasi.Ikinyuranyo hagati yamagorofa arakomeye iyo mortise itomoye neza.
16.Irangi
Kugirango wirinde ubushuhe bwibidukikije bidukikije gutera imigano, no gutuma ubuso bwibibaho bugira ingaruka zo kurwanya umwanda, kurwanya abrasion, hamwe n imitako, hasi yimigano igomba gusiga irangi.Mubisanzwe nyuma ya primers 5 (lacquer) hamwe nimpande 2 (lacquer), hejuru yimigano hapfundikijwe na firime irinda irangi.Ubukomezi bwa firime yo gusiga irangi ntabwo bigoye cyane, bigomba kuba biciriritse mubukomere kugirango firime irangi igire urwego runaka rwo kwihanganira kwambara, kwihanganira gushushanya no gukomera.
Irangi hejuru yimigano.Igorofa ku isoko igabanijwemo urumuri na kimwe cya kabiri.Ikintu kibengerana ni uburyo bwo gutwikira umwenda, ni mwiza cyane, ariko isura yacyo yarashaje kandi irashishwa, igomba rero kubungabungwa neza mugihe uyikoresheje.Mat na kimwe cya kabiri ni uburyo bwo gutwikisha uruziga, hamwe n'ibara ryoroshye hamwe no gusiga irangi rikomeye.
Hano hari ibice bitanu n'impande ebyiri, ibice birindwi n'impande ebyiri ku isoko.Hitamo irangi ryiza kandi ryangiza ibidukikije murwego rwohejuru mugihe ukoresheje primer, idashobora kubungabunga urugo rwiza gusa, ahubwo inagera kubwiza, kurwanya amazi, no kurwanya indwara.Kugirango umenye neza irangi, igipande kimwe cyo gusiga irangi.Nyuma yo kumucanga no gushushanya inshuro nyinshi, hejuru yubutaka haroroshye kandi haratuje nta bubyimba.
17.Kugenzura ibicuruzwa byarangiye
Kugenzura ibicuruzwa byarangiye.Gufatanya, ingaruka zo hejuru, kurwanya abrasion hamwe nuburabyo.
Kugirango hamenyekane ubuziranenge bwo hasi, amasoko yu Burayi na Amerika ashyira mu bikorwa igenzura rya firime, kandi amasosiyete menshi yo mu gihugu akomeje gukoresha ubwo buhanga bwo kugenzura.Birumvikana ko igiciro ugereranije kiri hejuru